Why are 38 hour a week jobs called part time?

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Most if not all jobs listed as part time actual basically work you full time it’s just a way of avoiding medical benifits and other legal requirements.

"Part-Time" jobs often have schedules other than 8-to-5, Monday through Friday only. Most have erratic schedules, covering peak business hours with maximum staff, and off-peak hours with minimal staff. Most "Part-Time" jobs are often unskilled service-industry jobs (i.e., sales, call centers, wait-staff, room service, et cetera), as well.

If you want to be paid a full-time wage and work full-time hours, learn a skill or trade, or earn a degree.

Well maybe the laws are different here in Australia but I work a 38 hour week and it's regarded as full-time here.

Yes, that is usually the reason why. But, 38 hours should be full-time. I used to work 37.5/week and it was full-time with a pension and benefits.

It wasn't like that at the 3 jobs I worked at. My 1st job didn't have full time & part time classifications/distinctions. People were just scheduled & noone had benefits except maybe managers. At my 2nd job every one was scheduled for 8 hour days(not counting lunch breaks) & part timers were scheduled for 4 days & it was 5 for full timers. Part timers had to stay under 33 hours except during special circumstances like the store being allowed to make overtime. You were only scheduled for 32 hours but allowed to work extra if you wanted to during those times but it was NOT a requirement. There was one person in my department who was full time & worked 35 hours. He was going to an online school & worked 7 hour days 5 days a week. I was full time at my 3rd job when I started but I was scheduled between 35/40 hours & part timers were scheduled around 32 or 30 hours a week or maybe 30/35.

The last place I worked at, full time was 40 hrs but you could also be considered full time if you worked as few as 32 hours (4 full 8-hour days). Part time was between 20 and 32 hours. It was a state civil service job. They did give benefits to people who worked part time but you had to pay a portion of the cost (insurance premium, etc.) that was otherwise free to the full timers.

People with autism can often handle a "full time" job if it's at the lower end of that range.

Full time for over thirty years, working 37.5 hours a week. When I was on shift we had ten hour days, but had three days off.

30 hours or more is considered full-time in most places I’ve encountered.

I work 35 hours a week, and have been doing this for 38 years. I’m full-time.

Then why does all retail make sure to keep people 32-38 hours at most?

Because they don’t want to pay time-and-a-half for overtime.