lau wrote:
b9 wrote:
...
I'm sorry, b9, but you keep making statements about what the future will/must be.
The only statement I feel is justified is that the future will not be the same as the past. Whatever it does turn out to be, it will be a surprise - especially to me, I hope.
there is a large possibility that the universe will expand forever.
the energy that drives the universe came from the big bang.
it instilled the fresh unadulterated energy that coalesced into material overtures of the energy.
energy is not ever lost, but it becomes more stable and useless as time goes by.
if we continue to expand, then the stars that are hydrogen based ones will become exctinct and there will be stars that are fusions started from heavier elements.
like carbon fusion stars and iron stars etc.
so hydrogen in the astronomically distant future will be all gone. so will helium and all the lighter elements.
if the mass produced by the resynthesis of the lighter elements into heavier ones is enough, then we will continue to have fusion reactions in heavier elements, but at some time (if we expand forever) all "glowing" activity will stop and the stars will all go out.
there will be a time when all energy (but for a scant residue) will be seized in matter.
the only thing that could re-unlock it is another big bang.
if the universe has enough mass so that it's gravity will overcome the outward fling of the last big bang, and fall back in again after the show is over, then the material universe lasts forever.
but it seems unfortunately that there is not enough matter to provide that "elastic bracing" that can contain eventually the momentum of the exudate from the big bang.
it seems that even with dark matter included, there is not enough mass to overcome the escape velocity that the big bang imparted.
but i have not stamped any final conclusion on the question.
there may be un thought of gravitational entities.
does energy have gravity?. yes.
since matter is bound energy, then matter has much gravity.
but there is so much unbound energy compared to bound, that it's inferrential mass may be enough to tip the scales toward material eternity.
it may be enough to add to the equation to then confirm that it will all fall back in.
i am only speculating, and my therapist when i was little used to tell me to add "i think" and "i believe" to my sentences so people will not think i have perfect proof of my assertions.
i forget to do that still.