Autism isn’t one disorder, a genetic analysis shows

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Thanks! You too!
Sorry, I tried to lighten the mood by paraphrasing your comment. *Right ending of the post*
HF

Very Welcome , TY for noticing .
Actually avoided expressing additional info on Lifecycle of Borrelia.Fue to wall of text, But this stuff is more stealthy than most people will credit it. As it has a 28 day growth cycle per individual bacteria .Subsequently as it grows ,It actually has the capacity to evade the Immune system to a GREAT degree, as its cycle progress it can go dormant. At which time is develops a Glyco protien outter shell. So as it is early in it growth cycle it will trigger a T- cell response . But in the time it takes for the white blood cells and or killer cells , It can go dirmant, At which time the White blood cell arrives at the site of the now sheilded Glcoprotein outta shell has been generated. Of the Borrelia cell. it appears then as a non threatening cell, Do you has all of the multiples of Borrelia doing this all in their own individual lifecycles . And consequently the immune systems is getting repeatedly triggered, EACH time . So as a consequence, a constant stress is maintained on the immune system. So with weakened immune function . Unless you just hapoened to have. a younger more youthful immune response capability. Someone perhaps with no accidents or low stresses in life. Might have less symptomologies. Then as your body ages . The weakest parts of anyone person anatomy may succumb to additional stressors .Causing the variety of DIS-Eases. Every single organ and/or parts of the brain that regulates other things can create corresponding symptoms, in addition. Causing Doctors to specialize on that issue/symptom, rather than the cause. Am claim it directly correlates to the specialty they trained for in years med school.
So I am not claiming the souce for every illness are the above things, but It has concerned me. That these Med People,do not Consider or address these things. As I had tried to write above about these various doctors in various parts of the country had made it a point to note. That these parasitic bacteria have shown up consistently in their patients sufferings. (Medical Disclaimer: Please seek your own medical praticioners advise before acting on Any Posts here )

^^
You're wonderful, Jakki.
You know it.
It seems like you have a medical background because you can't outline a topic so well without having perfect mastery of it.
You know it.
And more.
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When you raise the bar so much and explain things so thoroughly.
I think you're potentially right in everything you write (think).

I summarized about Borrelia because there's a huge amount of information that needs to be evaluated with the right doctors.
Exactly as you wrote.
*Also the clarification we both wrote that this is a discussion between us and should never be taken as medical testimony. And if it's circulated online, I want to clarify that neither of us intends anything other than describing, and that in case cases, you absolutely must rely on medical professionals only: always and in any case.*
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By the way, I struggled to write because the discussion is very technical.
Includes other things.

In fact, it evades the immune system.
And it's intracellular.
The solution lies in its etiology and its concealment.
If you deprive it of one component, it uses another component, for example, manganese, if I remember correctly.

Then what's devastating is that it survives silently and then resurfaces.
The initial cycle is the problem, in my opinion.
It divides within that timeframe.
And this phase is slow, but it always is.
Here we're considering extremely high ranges of 18 hours, while with inflammatory agents, one or more antibiotics generally have the ability to act, on cycles about 72 times massively longer cycles.
Which is crazy.
That this then has the effect of disrupting what it needs to introject itself.
Nature is incredible; it creates monsters (pathogens) that are specialized in things they shouldn't be.
They're opportunistic and very intelligent.
They hide.
This hiding makes Lyme disease chronic.
Among other things, it crosses the blood-brain barrier, and it's not easy to do.
OK, some substances work.
But others don't.
They disrupt certain aspects because it knows how to hide, then regains strength and causes further damage.
As soon as the antibiotics are reduced, it resurfaces, because it remains dormant, latent, waiting for the opportunity to re-adapt; it's like a system bug that you can never eliminate.
It becomes chronic.
The factors it works on are extensive.
You can't focus on just a few because there are so many.
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As per the Italian Ministerial Circular: I'm posting this because I tend to dwell on my observations:
"Lyme borreliosis takes its name from the American town of the same name where the first case was described in 1975. Lyme disease is now the most widespread and significant vector-borne disease in temperate regions and is second only to malaria in terms of the number of cases among diseases that require an arthropod vector for transmission. The infection, of bacterial origin, primarily affects the skin, joints, nervous system, and internal organs. It can manifest with severe, persistent symptoms and, if untreated, becomes chronic. The pathogen, Borrelia, is a genus of bacteria.

The bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi sensu striatum is present in Europe and is the only infectious agent in North America; Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii are present in Europe, Asia, and Africa. These Germs are transmitted to humans through the bite of hard ticks of the Ixodes genus and possibly also Amblyomma and Dermacentor (dog ticks). The main reservoirs of infection are wild animals (rodents, roe deer, deer, foxes, and hares).

Clinically, the first symptoms of the disease are intermittent and changeable. The disease typically begins in the summer and initially manifests as a slowly expanding red spot. Within a few weeks (which in some cases can extend to months), early neurological disorders may develop, characterized by migratory arthralgia, myalgia, meningitis, polyneuritis, cutaneous lymphocytoma, myocarditis, and atrioventricular conduction disturbances. Symptoms fluctuate and can last for months and become chronic.

The final phase of the disease, months or years after infection, is characterized by alterations affecting the musculoskeletal system (chronic arthritis), the central and peripheral nervous system (meningitis, encephalomyelitis, cerebellar ataxia, sensorimotor polyneuropathies, sleep and behavioral disorders), skin (acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans), and cardiovascular (myopericarditis, cardiomegaly) disorders.

Since laboratory tests cannot always definitively confirm or exclude the disease, the decision to initiate antibiotic treatment should be made based on the clinical diagnosis and anamnestic and epidemiological data. The disease does not lead to the development of immunity.
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Therefore, the infection can be contracted multiple times throughout a person's life.

Prophylaxis
In the United States, genetically engineered vaccines against Lyme borreliosis are available. The efficacy and safety of these vaccines have been demonstrated in large-scale, controlled clinical trials in people aged 15 to 70 living in endemic areas of the country.

The duration of immunity conferred is not yet known. In the US, vaccination is recommended only for people aged 15 to 70 who live, work, or spend most of their time recreationally in areas infested with ticks infected with Lyme borreliosis agents.

These vaccines, however, are not currently available in Italy or Europe, since only the pathogen B. burgdorferi sensu stricto is present in the US, while all Borrelia genospecies, which are antigenicly distinct, are present in Europe.

Epidemiological data
From an epidemiological perspective, according to data collected in Ministry of Health Circular No. 10 of July 13, 2000, approximately one thousand cases of Lyme borreliosis occurred in Italy between 1992 and 1998. The regions most affected are Friuli Venezia Giulia, Liguria, Veneto, Emilia Romagna, and Trentino Alto Adige (Autonomous Province of Trento), while in the central and southern regions and the islands, reports are sporadic.

It also reaches high-altitude areas.
I'm abbreviating it because I've recently read about it extensively.
It will be a problem.
People who have become infected with the vector simply by sitting at medium altitudes are a remarkable situation.

The altitudes I'm writing about are in mountainous regions of northern Italy.

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Yes, I didn't write about T cells because it seemed difficult for readers here to understand.
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Regarding fewer age-related symptoms, it's a dilemma I think about when considering other pathogens.

And I don't have a clear answer.

It's clear that the symptoms that arise in an elderly or less young person are more intense and degrading.

Anyway, let's talk about A weaker immune system.

But on the other hand, those who are too young can't have one as developed as an adult.
Inevitably, the reasoning is quite controversial.
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Your thought form is similar to that of Dylan Thomas in this description: - "...So, as a person ages, the weaker parts of the body can succumb to additional stressors, causing a variety of diseases. Each individual organ and/or part of the brain that regulates other functions can create corresponding symptoms..."

From "The Tree"
D.Th.
"We see bark, we see leaves, we see moss, we see roots. And then? Thomas asks us: can we also see the cross? That is, can we see the present and its transformation? The moment and its future? The instant and its end? Are we aware that what we observe is what is right before us and, at the same time, its eternal past and its eternal becoming?

Here, from this experience of seeing, in this constant exercise in metamorphosis, Dylan Thomas's calling himself a poet germinates. And the calling ourselves poets of all of us, ultimately. Because that tree is there, still and motionless, and the cross is there too, still and motionless within it. They both wait to be seen, truly seen, and even more, to be called, truly called.

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Pathogenic fungi and bacteria travel high in the air thanks to the winds
The skies are more crowded with potentially infectious fungi and bacteria than we thought.
Fungi and bacteria capable of infecting humans are making international journeys thanks to high-altitude air currents: for the first time, among hundreds of microorganisms identified in the upper atmosphere, dozens of potentially pathogenic ones have been found, some of which survived the experience and are still capable of replicating.

The discovery, published in PNAS, should not cause undue alarm: it is unlikely that fungi and bacteria carried by the winds will be able to infect humans once on Earth. But they could contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance.

Antibiotic resistance genes in the air we breathe

Fishing for bacteria. During 10 flights at altitudes of up to 3,000 meters above Japan, a research team led by Xavier Rodó, a computational ecologist at the Barcelona Institute for Global Health, "trapped" over 300 species of bacteria and 260 fungi, 30-40% of which were potentially pathogenic, either because they were accustomed to infecting us or because they were dangerous, at least to people with weak immune systems.

The scientists flew a Cessna through the most turbulent layers of the lower atmosphere and into the open air, a region of the Earth's atmosphere located above the direct influence of the Earth's surface, where currents travel most rapidly. A small opening in the side of the plane collected air samples in a tube ending in a filter, which captured dust particles along with the bacteria attached to them, as well as the spores of hundreds of fungi.

Pathogens use microplastics in the sea as rafts

From China to Japan. Many microorganisms were still alive: in the laboratory, scientists were able to multiply them in petri dishes and analyze their DNA. Some of them had traveled 2,000 km when they were collected and came from northwest China. Chemical analyses revealed traces characteristic of the country's agricultural areas, including fertilizers, manure, pesticides, as well as rare earth elements mined in those same areas, such as hafnium and zirconium.

Spreaders of superbugs. Among the bacteria, some old acquaintances were found that thrive in our bodies and are evolving antibiotic resistance genes, such as E. coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Clostridium difficile. They emerged in very low concentrations and are not dangerous for a healthy individual (it is much more likely to be infected by a pathogen breathed in the cabin of an airplane).

In fact, the dust and chemical pollutants to which the bacteria "cling" in flight are likely more harmful than the bacteria themselves. However, the study demonstrates that the physical conditions exist for the transport of antibiotic resistance genes over long distances, and on live organisms, which are more likely to spread once the aerosol settles on the ground.

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How they arrive and how they spread, and especially antibiotic resistance.

In your case, it's even more complex because they hide. And that's why they survive.

Of course, a sentence comes naturally to me reading what you write, and maybe even this doesn't prove you wrong—in fact, quite the opposite!

There are no wrong answers, just wrong questions.
This is what a scientific researcher contact of mine wrote to me.

*Which specialist professional do we ask the question to?

It makes a difference, beyond the quality of the question itself!

Because otherwise, you'll never get an answer that's different from one of those prepackaged ones.

Post Scriptum

(Sorry for the low quality of my response and also for some of the cryptic elements inherent in the post itself)

HF

Major autism study uncovers biologically distinct subtypes, paving the way for precision diagnosis and care

“It’s a whole new paradigm, to provide these groups as a starting point for investigating the genetics of autism,” said Theesfeld. Instead of searching for a biological explanation that encompasses all individuals with autism, researchers can now investigate the distinct genetic and biological processes driving each subtype.

This shift could reshape both autism research and clinical care — helping clinicians anticipate different trajectories in diagnosis, development and treatment. “The ability to define biologically meaningful autism subtypes is foundational to realizing the vision of precision medicine for neurodevelopmental conditions,” said Sauerwald.

While the current work defines four subtypes, “this doesn’t mean there are only four classes,” said Litman. “It means we now have a data-driven framework that shows there are at least four — and that they are meaningful in both the clinic and the genome.”

Thanks for two things:
1) You're reposting the thread in the Topic section; we'd moved it differently, but the topic was important.

2) You're doing what I didn't do out of stress: you're attaching links, and that's always a must, so well done.
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So, hours ago, I read your entire post (with a quick read).
a) It actually makes sense to have those four categories, and I don't disagree with them at all.
I'd say the first.
b) This work encompasses a significant number of years of study, although the number of individuals represented seems to me to be a minority.
This seems like a starting point.

In any case, this person demonstrates that the genome project (previously, only individual genes were studied) is extremely useful, and whoever funded it deserves enormous praise.

Collaborating and promoting it—I remember even a Nobel Prize winner showed interest in it, so Clinton could take charge—is one of the most wonderful things that could be done. Over time, it will help uncover various causes and treat other people with symptomatic remission, because the field it can serve is incredibly vast.

*We hope you don't become politically closed off and that we continue to collaborate with all nations and perhaps exchange data (I doubt this because there have been significant waves of nationalism, and data will be difficult to share).

Intervening on very young children with adequate social skills through NPI can already be implemented in centers for pervasive developmental disorders. We have enough of them in some regions, but in others, I know this isn't the case.

In any case, autism centers exist, and compared to just a decade ago, we've improved greatly: training and awareness, young doctors—we are finally revolutionizing the medical profession.

I note, however, that there's a lack of cohesion among states, making it essential to exchange data on these matters.

A single study can say little about the overall dynamics of published research, but the study you proposed is very interesting.
Also because it will pave the way for more precise diagnosis with unequivocal methods, not based on, as sometimes happens, the annoying issue of solely clinical and pre-conceptual observation.

Diagnostic labels are often discussed, but even on this, suppose something happens in other areas of medicine and nothing is resolved precisely because of a lack of precise delineations.

These are indeed useful. And they remove from the mouths of some people phrases like "it's behavioral," "I'm a little autistic too" (in fact, it could be subclinical), and those of parents who influence.

With the passing of months (not even years, because technology moves so quickly), many more genes will be identified, and there will be fewer attributions to other causes (other ones, precisely).

It's also clear that even using precision medicine will resolve cases that apparently have no hope for therapeutic treatment, for example, with targeted pharmacology.

The savings for governments will also be significant.
In addition to raising people who are rarely disabled, but socially integrated.

excuse the Aside from direct topic : No successful clinic trials exist in the USA at time Concerning any Lyme vaccine .
And many results of insuccessful attempts exists. last time I followed up on this topic.

Uhm, Jakki.
The situation isn't clear to me.
Some articles tell me it exists here and is 80% effective.
Consider that in your country, in the US, only what you describe as a pathogen is present.
In Europe, they are all present.
There are studies in Brazil, Valneva is collaborating with Pfizer.
They are operating on two distinct lines for a vaccine.
But the links I found on yours are from 2023, so by force of circumstances, in any case, you are beyond Phase 2 of the trials.
I'm writing this because I take note of your considerations, also considering the peculiarity of the spread of a single pathogen.
Which could be a good thing: it limits and precisely concentrates the potential.
Or it could be a bad thing: precisely because the spread is very widespread in your country, we go (sorry if I'm going from memory) to over 423,000 confirmed cases of Lyme disease if I'm not mistaken.
(If this part isn't accurate, you can evaluate and correct it.)
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I'm linking you to a portion of the published article: but from what you indicate, it doesn't correspond to reality, and I sincerely trust your observations more than a like.

"...genetically engineered Lyme borreliosis vaccines are available in the United States. The efficacy and safety of these vaccines have been demonstrated in large-scale controlled clinical trials in people aged 15 to 70 living in endemic areas of the country.

However, the duration of immunity conferred is not yet known. In the US, vaccination is recommended only for people aged 15 to 70 who live, work, or spend most of their time recreationally in areas infested with ticks infected with Lyme borreliosis agents.

Furthermore, these vaccines are not currently usable in Italy and Europe, since only the pathogen B. burgdorferi sensu stricto is present in the US, while all other Borrelia species are present in Europe, which are antigenically distinct and against which vaccination may not be effective."
From memory, they should be valid for at least one year.

Post-administration.

This needs to be clearly defined, and any inaccuracies should certainly be changed. I hate inaccuracies, so please excuse me if you're experiencing them.
And it's particularly stressful to see inaccurate things, even in my personal cases. If they don't exactly correspond to reality, it stresses me out a lot.

Meanwhile, I'm writing to you about Federfama: it's a reliable organization. We'll then outline the situation more clearly.
Federfarma is the national federation that represents the over 18,000 private pharmacies affiliated with the National Health Service. It was founded in 1969.

They're referring to exactly two years ago, almost three years ago.
January 2023.
I like to compare studies, including those in progress:

"Chikungunya and Lyme disease, promising results from vaccines. Patient trials are in the final stages, with the hope of obtaining them within 2 years."
- ROME, JAN 26, 2023 - Two experimental vaccines developed by the specialized company Valneva, one against chikungunya and another for Lyme disease, are progressing into the advanced stages of clinical trials. According to a report in the journal Nature Biotechnology, if approved, the chikungunya vaccine is expected to become the first for the disease, caused by a virus from the Togaviridae family transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. The chikungunya vaccine candidate VLA1553 is made with live-attenuated virus, obtained by eliminating part of the viral genome. Data from the Phase 3 trial, presented in December, show that 96-99% of adults develop a neutralizing antibody response that persists. Up to a year after a single vaccine injection. A study of VLA1553 in young people is underway in Brazil. For the Lyme disease vaccine candidate, VLA15, Valneva is collaborating with Pfizer. Data from the Phase 2 trial show that antibody levels remained high for 6 months after a three-dose regimen. VLA15 is a recombinant protein vaccine to trigger immunity against Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme disease, which infects humans through tick bites. It is the only Lyme disease vaccine currently being tested in patients, and if the ongoing Phase 3 study is successful, Valneva and Pfizer could apply for regulatory approval in 2025.!

Yes, I remembered correctly: 1 year.

If you're right: There's still hope.

Phase two is advanced, now I think phase three, they're long, as you know.

But yes. It's about having certainties that we often don't seek, but here we do!
§I apologize to the opener who redirected the thread. Perhaps we can extract the latest posts to another thread because that's better.
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Optimisation of dose level and vaccination schedule for the VLA15 Lyme borreliosis vaccine candidate among healthy adults: two randomised, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 2 studies
Nicole Bézay, PhDa ∙ Laura Wagner, MSca ∙ Vera Kadlecek, MSca ∙ Michaela Obersriebnig, MSca ∙ Nina Wressnigg, PhDa ∙ Romana Hochreiter, PhDa ∙ et al. Show more

Sorry for the delay, I already had the links at hand, but in the meantime I had to take care of stressful things, and I still have other things to do, okay?
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Meanwhile, as Majorana said to Fermi: when he asked him a question late at night, and one that was almost impossible to answer, he thanked him.
Consider that E. Fermi was a Nobel Prize winner and relied on other Nobel Prize winners, and they couldn't figure out how to solve a problem in five days.

Majorana thanked him and told him that by focusing on that, he had distracted his worries.

Of course, beforehand he said to him: "There are five of you, and aren't you ashamed of not having solved anything yet?"
They were taking materials like uranium from hospitals.

This tormented Fermi.
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The beautiful thing was the answer to his question: "About impenetrable uranium." Majorana replied, "What that wall is made of?"

Fermi replied: "But you already have the solution, right, Ettore?"

He had Asperger's (pre-Asperger's autistic, to be precise, with a stellar IQ, and he did all his reasoning and calculations mentally, using images, or at most, he wrote down just one line for the solution).

Majorana, smiling at him after his profound sadness, replied: "Maybe yes, maybe no, but you go back early tomorrow morning."

Fermi understood that he had already thought about it while listening to him in those few minutes of late-night conversation.
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The point is that solutions always exist, even if the wrong people still take decades to figure them out, while others might get there immediately.
However, well-conducted trials take many years.
In any case, we're very advanced, and the recovery prospects for the one you describe are excellent.
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It makes me smile that my researcher contact told me many months ago that it was the right questions asked to the right people (suitable doctors) that made the difference.

Majorana succeeded.
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I see many published studies, but the minds in action aren't always up to the task, even though they're high-quality. The gap between them and excellent researchers is considerable.
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I like the open exchange of information and the lack of political closure, which, for example, unenlightened politicians can easily challenge and cause great damage.
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Postscript:
Many write about scientific research based on institutions of excellence, but it's always the brilliant humans who make that subtle difference of finding real solutions.

A passage from an Italian song came to mind: it paraphrased Milan Kundera.
The unbearable lightness of being.

HF

Being a US citizen whom had become deeply engaged in Lyme And associated bacterial vectors,Research The persons/ professionals .I knew . All based in the US that treated with some success those same Borrelia and associated bacterial infections strongly reccomended .Against using the US supposed anti Lymes innoculation. Due to the results of actually causing new Lyme infections in participants in those studies.Whom prior had no history of detectable lyme bacteria in their blood . The concept of innulation does not work with this parasite, as it was explained to me. Any single tiniest representation of this spirochete, will/ does , replicate itself in full and has full capabilities to go dormant for indescribable lengths of time. As was written in the Lyme times magazine. Concerning the vaccine ,You noted earlier about . If you able to find a copy of a Book Called " Lyme and the USS Elbe" you may note that as you read on . Before this country started tamping down the ability to use a authorized government Research request branch. This book has several,, many many, Freedom of Information Act responses listed as to the specialized research done by the Germans in Biowarfare during WW2 .That the US had gathered in response to their acquiring many NAZI scienctists, with several other countries ,whom successfully conquering Germany " Operation Paperclip, or the treaty of 15 ." Most notable was
Russias and USA getting more than just rocket scientist, but also Biowarfare scientists. Then having discovered the modified ticks using Borrelia to be intentionally unleashed on unsuspecting population areas. And additional documented real life WW2 horror stories concerning this type of Warfare..

There are many different types of autism

Kanner's Syndrome
Asperger's Syndrome
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Fragile X
Rett's Syndrome
NVLD
PDD NOS

This thread has covered many factors possibly contributing to the combination of behaviors labeled autism and/or Asperger's syndrome. I don't think we know yet a) whether 'autism' is one or many separately identifiable conditions, and b) which antecedent features contribute to each autistic presentation. This complicated situation leads to many delays in diagnosis and frequent misdiagnosis. One thing is pretty well established: autistic behavior often shows up multiple times in groups of genetically related individuals (families).

When I ponder my own situation, I wonder whether the autistic-like characteristics of both of my parents made it less likely that my behavior would be questioned or thought abnormal. Each of us (both parents, 3 siblings, and more distant relatives) thought the others were "neurotic" or "crazy". We all knew we were "different" but we thought that was because we were highly intelligent. To be thought "normal" or ''typical" was an insult. Of course, this was the 1950s and both eugenics and Freudian psychology were still very popular. Autism theories had been laid out but hadn't hit the headlines or most clinical psychology departments. Does the experience of being raised by neurodivergent parents, in largely divergent cultural surroundings, change the trajectory of the autistic child's development? Are there ways in which these conditions lessen the challenges for the autistic child? Or does having a divergent family prevent children from getting 'diagnosed' and subsequently receiving coaching and support that will improve their chances of leading happy, productive adult lives?

Let's fast forward to today. Those of us who have survived have a lot of experience in masking and adapting to a world mostly populated by neurotypicals. We've also had to accommodate the variations and unpredictability of our family members. However, this experience could have shielded us from some of the "wrong planet" stressors. Maybe we need to add yet another subgroup to our list of types of autism: autistic adult children of autistic parents.

There should be only one; that which Leo Kanner described! He thought his subjects were autistic, as the word was widely used and understood back then. None of these others even refer to the aspect of personality that that label properly and historically refers to! The whole notion of there being a “spectrum” has never had any plausible scientific foundation.