Just in case anyone was wondering, here's the exact qualification rules for competing as an athlete in Special Olympics:
"A person is considered to have an intellectual disability for purposes of determining his or her eligibility to participate in Special Olympics if that person satisfies any one of the following requirements:
* The person has been identified by an agency or professional as having an intellectual disability as determined by their localities; or
* The person has a cognitive delay, as determined by standardized measures such as intelligent quotient or "IQ" testing or other measures that are generally accepted within the professional community in that Accredited Program's nation as being a reliable measurement of the existence of a cognitive delay; or
* The person has a closely related developmental disability. A "closely related developmental disability" means having functional limitations in both general learning (such as IQ) and in adaptive skills (such as in recreation, work, independent living, self-direction, or self-care). However, persons whose functional limitations are based solely on a physical, behavioral, or emotional disability, or a specific learning or sensory disability, are not eligible to participate as Special Olympics athletes, but may be eligible to volunteer for Special Olympics as partners in Unified Sports®, if they otherwise meet the separate eligibility requirements for participation in Unified Sports set forth in the Sports Rules."
Autism spectrum disorders qualify under provision 3 as they are developmental disabilities that affect both learning and adapation. Now with that said, any people who have substantially adapted such that there is no noticable major effect upon learning and adaptive functioning may have a harder time getting eligibility from a physician or agency. I recently have been diagnosed officially with AS, for instance, but I wouldn't likely qualify as an athlete due to the fact that I'm an independent working adult, live on my own, and don't readily require any support in self-direction or self-care. I'm not sure I'd really fit in either being a Ph.D. student. However, anybody at any age can volunteer.