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linatet
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14 Feb 2014, 6:41 am

Anyone here interested in philosophy of science? :)
1) what is science? Does it have to be useful, true or valid? To what extent can science be true/valid/useful?
2) how can we differentiate science from pseudoscience and non-scientific knowledge? To what extent is non-scientific knowledge valid/true/useful?
3) any thoughts on Kuhn, Popper etc?



Fnord
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14 Feb 2014, 8:38 am

It's all here: Rational Wiki Article on Science.

Rational Wiki wrote:
Neil DeGrasse Tyson wrote:
"The good thing about science is that it's true whether or not you believe in it."

Science

Science is the system of acquiring knowledge through use of the scientific method - that is, generating hypotheses and theories through observation and testing. Science is intimately linked with technology; technology is developed using scientific discoveries and science is reliant on technology to further its ideas. The goals of science are to learn more about the world and use this knowledge for the betterment of humankind.

The term "science" originally referred to knowledge in general. However, it has been evolved to refer primarily to the natural sciences - the study of the natural world and the fundamental laws of nature - biology, chemistry, physics, etc. In its original usage, fields such as theology were called 'sciences', which seems strange to people only familiar with its contemporary usage. To make it even more confusing, science was originally derived from "natural philosophy". Science is generally distinguished from the humanities - the study of human history and human literature - although, the social sciences and psychology straddle the boundary to some extent.

Categorizing Science

Science is divided into broad fields used to categorize the phenomenon being studied, such as biology, chemistry, geology etc. Each of these broader fields is then broken up into finer and finer sub-fields.

The two broadest categorizations of science are physical ("hard") and social ("soft"). Physical science deals with the physical world and allows for repeatable controlled experiments; physics with its study of light, heat, force, and energy, and specializations such as electric field are all physical sciences.

Social science on the other hand studies human behavior; anthropology and written history are social sciences. In contrast to physical sciences, social sciences are prone to suffer from observer bias where preconceived belief drive the investigation and interpretation.

Some fields (such as archeology) use a mixture of physical and social science.

The question of what does and what does not count as science is known as the demarcation problem. What is not science but often claims to be can generally be found in RationalWiki's pseudoscience category.

Be sure to follow the links in the box at the upper-right portion of the page.



AspieTurtle
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14 Feb 2014, 8:38 am

In my eyes, science is the questioning /research/ exploration/hypothesizing/ study of x.


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yournamehere
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14 Feb 2014, 9:53 am

Science is great if you want to be a chemist, or build a house or something. However, there are some things where science cannot go. There is no science for god, dreams, illusion, hallucinations, and awareness. There is no factual proof of such things. It is not solid. Science can prove that thinking does not exist. It can only be a theory. You know some of it exists, because you're you. For these reasons, science has its faults. This should be a fun topic if someone wants to argue with me about athiests, and science and stuff. :wink: Please, forgive me for being me.



linatet
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14 Feb 2014, 10:00 am

Fnord wrote:
It's all here: Rational Wiki Article on Science.

Rational Wiki wrote:
Neil DeGrasse Tyson wrote:
"The good thing about science is that it's true whether or not you believe in it."

Science

Science is the system of acquiring knowledge through use of the scientific method - that is, generating hypotheses and theories through observation and testing. Science is intimately linked with technology; technology is developed using scientific discoveries and science is reliant on technology to further its ideas. The goals of science are to learn more about the world and use this knowledge for the betterment of humankind.

The term "science" originally referred to knowledge in general. However, it has been evolved to refer primarily to the natural sciences - the study of the natural world and the fundamental laws of nature - biology, chemistry, physics, etc. In its original usage, fields such as theology were called 'sciences', which seems strange to people only familiar with its contemporary usage. To make it even more confusing, science was originally derived from "natural philosophy". Science is generally distinguished from the humanities - the study of human history and human literature - although, the social sciences and psychology straddle the boundary to some extent.

Categorizing Science

Science is divided into broad fields used to categorize the phenomenon being studied, such as biology, chemistry, geology etc. Each of these broader fields is then broken up into finer and finer sub-fields.

The two broadest categorizations of science are physical ("hard") and social ("soft"). Physical science deals with the physical world and allows for repeatable controlled experiments; physics with its study of light, heat, force, and energy, and specializations such as electric field are all physical sciences.

Social science on the other hand studies human behavior; anthropology and written history are social sciences. In contrast to physical sciences, social sciences are prone to suffer from observer bias where preconceived belief drive the investigation and interpretation.

Some fields (such as archeology) use a mixture of physical and social science.

The question of what does and what does not count as science is known as the demarcation problem. What is not science but often claims to be can generally be found in RationalWiki's pseudoscience category.

Be sure to follow the links in the box at the upper-right portion of the page.

Well, what I really intended was to start a discussion about each user's view on the topic, not to receive information about science , but that's okay :) I guess lots of aspies here will interpret the question 'what is science' literally and give me lots of information about history of science etc.
the link you provided me shows some views on science but there are lots of others and I wanted to know what your personal view is. It doesn't have to be straightforward, but kind of philosophical, if you're interested in philosophy of science of course.



linatet
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14 Feb 2014, 10:09 am

yournamehere wrote:
Science is great if you want to be a chemist, or build a house or something. However, there are some things where science cannot go. There is no science for god, dreams, illusion, hallucinations, and awareness. There is no factual proof of such things. It is not solid. Science can prove that thinking does not exist. It can only be a theory. You know some of it exists, because you're you. For these reasons, science has its faults. This should be a fun topic if someone wants to argue with me about athiests, and science and stuff. :wink: Please, forgive me for being me.

there's nothing to forgive! You're answer is actually interesting.
why do you think there is no science for god, non practical things etc? Is it because those things can't be measured, or because we can't be sure they exist, or because we don't have the tools yet, or because we will never have and science can't be used for this or why?
and what are you considering as science?



krankes_hirn
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14 Feb 2014, 1:29 pm

Science is a very complex thing and a lot of pleople misunderstand it. It is not complex as in unfathomable, it is that it has gone through a lot of things and that question itself will never cease to be a theme for debate.

A lot of people think science is or should be some kind of truth. So people usually say things that "It is what scientists say" or "it is scientific" as a way of saying "this is the truth" and that creates two big problems.

First: Everybody wants others to see what they do as somehting backed up by science.

Second: People expect science to be some sort of indisputable hard facts.

I like to see science the way some philosophers saw it in the middle of the 20th century. Science is something you can actually disprove. So in order to study something as a part of science, there must be a way to prove that whatever you are stating is false.

Under that definition, social science is excluded, since a lot of its claims cannot be effectively disproved. (That doesn't mean those disciplines are bogus, a hoax or a fraud, it just means they don't fall in this specific definition of science) The same goes towards some branches of philosophy, religion and other stuff.

In this way, science and scientific knowledge is able to function as it is expected to. But also, it implies that scientific knowledge is ever changing, always open for dispute, and can be disproven.

Another consequence is that there is a clear line drawn between science and religion. In which science neither proves nor disproves the existence of god, since god is, by definition, not an object of scientific study.

This way, science actually becomes more resemblant to people's expectations without being the only way to validate knowledge. So that other disciplines can grow each in its respective field without turning into pseudosciences.



Fnord
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14 Feb 2014, 3:33 pm

linatet wrote:
... the link you provided me shows some views on science but there are lots of others and I wanted to know what your personal view is. It doesn't have to be straightforward, but kind of philosophical, if you're interested in philosophy of science of course.

My personal views on science can be found through the link I provided.

My personal philosophy on science can be summed up simply: "Science is curiosity in action."

When compared with Religion, however ...

Science asks, "What is beyond the horizon?
Religion replies, "Monsters, demons, and certain doom! Stay home!"

Science exclaims, "Look at the worlds I've discovered!"
Religion replies, "It is blasphemy to claim that ours is not the only created world! Be silent!"

Science says, "Your child is ill, this medicine may help."
Religion replies, "The child is possessed, so we must beat the demons out of her! Depart!"