The Outsider, Colin Wilson.
I've read mixed reviews of this work, but I found it very interesting reading, particularly since I could identify with much of what was written. It is definitely on the dry, intellectual side of things. I've read it a few times. Thinking back now, I think a lot of the conclusions he comes to seems to fit the criteria for ASD. Basically it's about the outsiders of society, how they perceive things and express themselves differently than the majority, the pain and loneliness they feel from the isolation, the gifts they have, and how their differences act as a force of change. He uses several examples from history, using artists, writers, dancers, and philosophers as examples, many of whom have been described as being Aspie-ish (whatever value you put on such speculation). It's been a while since I've read it, so I may be a little off in my description, but that's how I remember it.